Wireless data service using dynamic data rates based on serving radio bands and historical data rates

ABSTRACT

In a wireless communication network, a wireless network core and wireless access nodes exchange user data using data rates. The wireless access nodes wirelessly exchange the data with the wireless UE over radio bands. The wireless network core determines a data rate level for the wireless UE based on the data rates. Subsequently, the wireless network core identifies a serving wireless access node and a serving radio band. The wireless network core determines a new data rate based on the data rate level and the serving radio band. The wireless network core and the serving wireless access node exchange new data using the new data rate. The serving wireless access node wirelessly exchanges the new data with the wireless UE over the serving radio band.

TECHNICAL BACKGROUND

Wireless communication networks provide wireless data services towireless user devices. Exemplary wireless data services includemachine-control, internet-access, media-streaming, andsocial-networking. Exemplary wireless user devices comprise phones,computers, vehicles, robots, and sensors. The wireless communicationnetworks have wireless access nodes which exchange wireless signals withthe wireless user devices over radio frequency bands. The wirelesssignals use wireless network protocols like Fifth Generation New Radio(5GNR), Millimeter Wave (MMW), Long Term Evolution (LTE), Institute ofElectrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (WIFI), and Low-PowerWide Area Network (LP-WAN). The wireless access nodes exchange networksignaling and user data with network elements that are often clusteredtogether into wireless network cores. The wireless access nodes areconnected to the wireless network cores over backhaul data links.

The wireless network cores control the data rates for the wireless userdevices over the backhaul data links. For example, a wireless networkcore may select a downlink Ambient Bit Rate (AMBR) for a wireless userdevice over a backhaul data link. The AMBR comprises a maximum data ratefor all non-Guaranteed Bit Rate (non-GBR) connections for one or morePacket Data Networks (PDNs). The actual data rates experienced by thewireless user devices over the backhaul data links vary from thesemaximum levels in the AMBRs based on network conditions, user activity,and the like. Unfortunately, the wireless network cores over allocateresources to serve the wireless user devices at the AMBRs. The wirelessnetwork cores do not efficiently and effectively use the actual datarates to control backhaul data rates for the wireless user devices.

TECHNICAL OVERVIEW

In a wireless communication network, a wireless network core andwireless access nodes exchange user data using initial data rates. Thewireless access nodes wirelessly exchange the data with the wireless UEover radio bands. The wireless network core determines a data rate levelfor the wireless UE based on the initial data rates. Subsequently, thewireless network core identifies a serving wireless access node and aserving radio band. The wireless network core determines a new data ratebased on the data rate level and the serving radio band. The wirelessnetwork core and the serving wireless access node exchange new datausing the new data rate. The serving wireless access node wirelesslyexchanges the new data with the wireless UE over the serving radio band.

DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 illustrates a wireless communication network to serve a wirelessUser Equipment (UE) with dynamic data rates based on historical datarates and serving radio bands.

FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary operation of the wireless communicationnetwork to serve the wireless UE with the dynamic data rates based onthe historical data rates and the serving radio bands.

FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary operation of the wireless communicationnetwork to serve the wireless UE with the dynamic data rates based onthe historical data rates and the serving radio bands.

FIG. 4 illustrates a Fifth Generation (5G) communication network toserve a wireless UE with dynamic data rates based on historical datarates and serving radio bands.

FIG. 5 illustrates a 5GC Network Function Virtualization Infrastructure(NFVI) to serve the wireless UE with the dynamic data rates based on thehistorical data rates and serving radio bands.

FIG. 6 illustrates the 5GC NFVI to serve the wireless UE with thedynamic data rates based on the historical data rates and serving radiobands.

FIG. 7 illustrates a Fifth Generation New Radio (5GNR) gNodeB to servethe wireless UE with the dynamic data rates based on the historical datarates and serving radio band.

FIG. 8 illustrates the wireless UE that is served with the dynamic datarates based on the historical data rates and serving radio bands.

FIG. 9 illustrates an exemplary operation of the 5G communicationnetwork to serve the wireless UE with the dynamic data rates based onthe historical data rates and serving radio bands.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

FIG. 1 illustrates wireless communication network 100 to serve wirelessUser Equipment (UE) 101 with dynamic data rates based on historical datarates and serving radio bands 131-133. Wireless communication network100 delivers wireless data services to UE 101 like internet-access,video-calling, media-streaming, augmented-reality, machine-control,and/or some other wireless networking product. Wireless communicationnetwork 100 comprises wireless UE 101, wireless access nodes 111-113,and wireless network core 120. The number of UEs, wireless access nodes,and wireless network cores that are depicted on FIG. 1 has beenrestricted for clarity, and wireless communication network 100 maycomprise many more UEs, wireless access nodes, and wireless networkcores. Although UE 101 is shown coupled to all three wireless accessnodes 111-113 on FIG. 1, UE 101 is often coupled to only one or two ofaccess nodes 111-113 at a time.

Various examples of network operation and configuration are describedherein. In some examples, wireless network core 120 and wireless accessnodes 111-113 exchange initial data for UE 101 with using initial datarates. Wireless access nodes 111-113 wirelessly exchange the initialdata with wireless UE 101 over radio bands 131-133. Subsequently, onlywireless access node 112 serves UE 101 over radio band 132. In responseto wireless access node 112 serving UE 101, wireless network core 120determines a new data rate for UE 101 as follows. Wireless network core120 determines a data rate level for wireless UE 101 based on theinitial data rates—like determining the average data rate for UE 101over the past 15 days. The actual data rates experienced by UE 101 overbackhaul links 1134 varies from the maximum levels set by wirelessnetwork core 120, and the initial data rates comprise the actual datarates as measured by wireless network core 120. Wireless network core120 identifies the serving one of wireless access nodes 111-113 for UE101. When wireless access node 112 is serving UE 101, wireless networkcore 120 identifies radio band 132 as the serving radio band. Wirelessnetwork core 120 determines a new data rate for UE 101 based on the datarate level and serving radio band 132. Wireless network core 120typically increases the new data rate when the serving radio bandcapacity has increased and/or the data rate level has increased, andwireless network core 120 typically decreases the new data rate when theserving radio band capacity has decreased and/or the data rate level hasdecreased. Wireless network core 120 and wireless access node 112exchange new data for UE 101 using the new data rate. Wireless accessnode 112 wirelessly exchanges the new data with wireless UE 101 overradio band 132. Advantageously, wireless network core 120 efficientlyand effectively moves the backhaul data rates for UE 101 closer to theactual data rates experienced by UE 101 to reduce resourceoverallocation. Moreover, wireless network core 120 factors in theserving one of radio bands 131-133 to better control the backhaul datarates for UE 101 based on wireless link capability to further reduceresource overallocation.

Wireless UE 101 and wireless access nodes 111-113 wirelessly communicateover radio bands 131-133 using Radio Access Technologies (RATs) likeFifth Generation New Radio (5GNR), Millimeter Wave (MMW), Long TermEvolution (LTE), Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE)802.11 (WIFI), Low-Power Wide Area Network (LP-WAN), and/or some otherwireless protocol. The RATs use electromagnetic frequencies in thelow-band, mid-band, high-band, or some other portion of theelectromagnetic spectrum. Radio bands 131-133 may comprise blocks ofFederal Communication Commission (FCC) licensed radio spectrum.

Wireless access nodes 111-113 communicate with wireless network core 120over backhaul links 134. Wireless network core 120 communicates withexternal systems over external links 135. Links 134-135 use metal,glass, air, or some other media. Links 134-135 use IEEE 802.3(Ethernet), Time Division Multiplex (TDM), Data Over Cable SystemInterface Specification (DOCSIS), Internet Protocol (IP), 5GC, 5GNR,LTE, WIFI, virtual switching, inter-processor communication, businterfaces, and/or some other data communication protocols.

Although UE is 101 depicted as a smartphone, UE 101 might insteadcomprise a computer, robot, vehicle, or some other data appliance withwireless communication circuitry. Wireless access nodes 111-113 aredepicted as towers, but access nodes 111-113 may use other mountingstructures or no mounting structure at all. Wireless access nodes111-113 may comprise gNodeBs, eNodeBs, MMW hot-spots, LP-WAN basestations, relay-UEs, and/or some other form of wireless networktransceivers.

Wireless UE 101 and wireless access nodes 111-113 comprise antennas,amplifiers, filters, modulation, and analog/digital interfaces. UE 101,access nodes 111-113, and wireless network core 120 comprisemicroprocessors, software, memories, transceivers, bus circuitry, andthe like. The microprocessors comprise Digital Signal Processors (DSP),Central Processing Units (CPU), Graphical Processing Units (GPU),Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASIC), and/or the like. Thememories comprise Random Access Memory (RAM), flash circuitry, diskdrives, and/or the like. The memories store software like operatingsystems, user applications, radio applications, and networkapplications. The microprocessors retrieve the software from thememories and execute the software to drive the operation of wirelesscommunication network 100 as described herein. Wireless network core 120comprises network elements like Access and Mobility Management Function(AMF), Authentication and Security Function (AUSF), Network SliceSelection Function (NSSF), Policy Control Function (PCF), SessionManagement Function (SMF), Application Function (AF), User PlaneFunction (UPF), and/or some other network apparatus. In some examples,the network elements in wireless network core 120 comprise VirtualNetwork Functions (VNFs) in a Network Function VirtualizationInfrastructure (NFVI).

FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary operation of wireless communicationnetwork 100 to serve wireless UE 101 with the dynamic data rates basedon the historical data rates and serving radio bands 131-133. Wirelessnetwork core 120 exchanges initial data with wireless access nodes111-113 using initial data rates (201). Wireless access nodes 111-113exchange the initial data with wireless network core 120 using theinitial data rates (202). Wireless access nodes 111-113 wirelesslyexchange the initial data with wireless UE 101 over radio bands 131-133(202). Wireless network core 120 determines a data rate level forwireless UE 101 based on the initial data rates which are actual datarates that are measured by wireless network core 120 (203). Wirelessnetwork core 120 identifies one of wireless access nodes 111-113 thatcurrently serves UE 101 (204). Wireless network core 120 identifies oneof radio bands 131-133 that currently serves UE 101 (204). Wirelessnetwork core 120 determines a new data rate for UE 101 based on the datarate level and the serving one of radio bands 131-133 (205). Wirelessnetwork core 120 exchanges new data with the serving one of wirelessaccess nodes 111-113 using the new data rate. The serving one ofwireless access nodes 111-113 exchanges the new data with wirelessnetwork core 120 using the new data rate. The serving one of wirelessaccess nodes 111-113 wirelessly exchanges the new data with wireless UE101 over the serving one of radio bands 131-133 (207).

FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary operation of wireless communicationnetwork 100 to serve wireless UE 101 with the dynamic data rates basedon the historical data rates and the serving ones of radio bands131-133. In this example, the data rate level comprises a 15-day runningaverage, and the data rate comprises a downlink Ambient Bit Rate (AMBR).The data rate level and the data rate may differ in other examples.Wireless UE 101 and wireless access node 111 wirelessly exchange userdata over radio band 131. Wireless access node 111 and wireless networkcore 120 exchange the user data using data rate A. Wireless UE 101 andwireless access node 112 wirelessly exchange user data over radio band132. Wireless access node 112 and wireless network core 120 exchange theuser data using data rate B. Wireless UE 101 and wireless access node113 wirelessly exchange user data over radio band 133. Wireless accessnode 113 and wireless network core 120 exchange the user data using datarate C. Wireless network core 120 exchanges the user data with externalsystems.

Wireless network core 120 determines a 15-day average data rate forwireless UE 101 based on measured and actual data rates A, B, and C.Wireless network core 120 identifies the currently serving wirelessaccess node for UE 101 which is wireless access node 113 in thisexample. Wireless network core 120 identifies the currently servingradio band for UE 101 which is radio band 133 in this example. Wirelessnetwork core 120 determines a new downlink AMBR for UE 101 based on the15-day running average data rate for UE 101 and serving radio band 133.For example, wireless network core 120 may host a data structure thattranslates the average data rate and serving radio band into the newdownlink AMBR. Wireless UE 101 and wireless access node 113 wirelesslyexchange subsequent user data over radio band 133. Wireless access node113 and wireless network core 120 exchange the subsequent user data overbackhaul links 134 using the new downlink AMBR. Wireless network core120 exchanges the subsequent user data with external systems.

FIG. 4 illustrates a Fifth Generation (5G) communication network 400 toserve wireless UE 401 with dynamic data rates based on historical datarates and serving radio bands. 5G communication network 400 comprises anexample of wireless communication network 100, although network 100 maydiffer. 5G communication network 400 delivers wireless data services toUE 401 like internet-access, video-calling, media-streaming,augmented-reality, machine-control, and/or some other wirelessnetworking product. 5G communication network 400 comprises UE 401, 5GNRgNodeBs 411-415, and Fifth Generation Core Network FunctionVirtualization Infrastructure (5GC NFVI) 420. NFVI 420 comprises Accessand Mobility Management Functions (AMF) 421, Authentication and SecurityFunctions (AUSF) 422, Network Slice Selection Functions (NSSF) 423,Policy Control Functions (PCF) 424, Session Management Functions (SMF)425, Application Functions (AFs) 426, and User Plane Functions (UPF)427.

UE 401 moves about and occasionally communicates wirelessly with 5GNRgNodeB 411 over radio band A. UE 401 occasionally communicateswirelessly with 5GNR gNodeB 412 over radio band B and with 5GNR gNodeB413 over radio band C. UE 401 occasionally communicates wirelessly with5GNR gNodeB 414 over radio band B and with 5GNR gNodeB 415 over radioband C. UPF 427 exchanges user data for UE 401 with external systems.UPF 427 and 5GNR gNodeBs 411-415 exchange the user data for UE 101. 5GNRgNodeBs 411-415 wirelessly exchange the user data with UE 101 over radiobands A, B, and C. UPF 427 tracks the downlink data rates for UE 401 ona per slice basis. UPF 427 determines a running 15-day average downlinkdata rate for UE 401 that comprises the amount of transferred downlinkdata over the last 15 days divided by the amount of time in seconds forthe downlink data transfers to occur. UPF 427 loads the averageper-slice data rates for UE 401 into a data structure hosted by SMF 425.

Subsequently, UE 401 attaches to 5GNR gNodeB 413 over radio band C. 5GNRgNodeB 413 transfers N2/N1 signaling to for UE 401 to AMF 421 in NFVI420. AMF 421 interacts with AUSF 422 and UE 401 to authenticate UE 401.AMF 421 interacts with NSSF 423 to select network slices for UE 401. AMF421 interacts with PCF 424 and SMF 425 to select Dynamic Network Names(DNNs), Quality-of-Service Flow Indicators (QFIs), and Internet Protocol(IP) addresses for the network slices and UE 401. The selected QFIsindicate downlink Ambient Bit Rates (AMBRs) for specific network slices.The downlink AMBR comprises a maximum downlink data rate for allnon-Guaranteed Bit Rate (non-GBR) connections for one or more PacketData Networks (PDNs). The actual data rates experienced by the wirelessuser devices over the backhaul data links vary from these maximum levelsin the AMBRs based on network conditions, user activity, and the like.SMF 425 selects the downlink AMBRs for the specific network slices basedon the average per-slice data rates and the serving radio bands. SMF 425hosts the data structure that translates 5GNR gNodeBs IDs into theirradio bands. The data structure then translates UE IDs into theirrunning 15-day average per-slice downlink data rates (as loaded by UPF427). The data structure translates the serving radio bands and averageper-slice data rates into new downlink AMBRs for the specific networkslices.

AMF 431 signals 5GNR gNodeB 413 with the network slices, DNNs, QFIs, IPaddresses, and the like for UE 401. 5GNR gNodeB 413 signals UE 401 withthe network slices, DNNs, QFIs, IP addresses, and the like. 5GNR SMF 425signals UPF 427 to serve UE 401 over the network slices based on theDNNs, QFIs, IP addresses. UE 401 and 5GNR gNodeB 413 wirelessly exchangeuser data over radio band C. 5GNR gNodeB 413 and UPF 427 exchange theuser data using the per-slice downlink AMBRs. UPF 427 exchanges the userdata with external systems.

FIG. 5 illustrates 5GC Network Function Virtualization Infrastructure(NFVI) 420 to serve wireless UE 401 with the dynamic data rates based onthe historical data rates and the serving radio bands. NFVI 420comprises an example of wireless network core 120, although network core120 may differ. NFVI 420 comprises NFVI hardware 501, NFVI hardwaredrivers 502, NFVI operating systems 503, NFVI virtual layer 504, andNFVI Virtual Network Functions (VNFs) 505. NFVI hardware 501 comprisesNetwork Interface Cards (NIC), CPU, RAM, flash/disk drives, and dataswitches (SW). NFVI hardware drivers 502 comprise software that isresident in the NIC, CPU, RAM, DRIVE, and SW. NFVI operating systems 503comprise kernels, modules, applications, containers, hypervisors, andthe like. NFVI virtual layer 504 comprises virtual NICs (vNIC), virtualCPUs (vCPU), virtual RAM (vRAM), virtual Drives (vDRIVE), and virtualSwitches (vSW). NFVI VNFs 505 comprise Access and Mobility ManagementFunctions (AMF) 432, Authentication and Security Functions (AUSF) 422,Network Slice Selection Functions (NSSF) 423, Policy Control Functions(PCF) 424, Session Management Functions (SMF) 425, Application Functions(SF) 426, and User Plane Functions (UPF) 427. Other VNFs are typicallypresent but are omitted for clarity.

The NIC are coupled to 5GNR gNodeBs 411-415 and external systems. NFVIhardware 501 executes NFVI hardware drivers 502, NFVI operating systems503, NFVI virtual layer 504, and NFVI VNFs 505 to serve UE 401 over 5GNRgNodeBs 411-415. NFVI 420 exchanges 5GC signaling and data with 5GNRgNodeBs 411-415 to serve UE 401 with the wireless data services. NFVI420 exchanges some of the data with external systems.

5GNR gNodeBs 411-415 and UE 401 wirelessly exchange 5GNR networksignaling and user data. 5GNR gNodeBs 411-415 exchange corresponding 5GCN2/N1 signaling with AMF 421 and exchange corresponding 5GC N3 data withUPF 427. UPF 427 exchanges corresponding N6 data with external systems.UPF 427 tracks downlink data rates for UE 401 on a per-slice basis andmaintains per-slice average data rates for UE 401 in SMF 425.

When UE 401 attaches to one of 5GNR gNodeBs 411-415, the serving one of5GNR gNodeBs 411-415 transfers N2/N1 signaling for UE 401 to AMF 421 inNFVI 420. AMF 421 interacts with AUSF 422 and UE 401 to authenticate UE401. AMF 421 interacts with NSSF 423 to select network slices for UE401. AMF 421 interacts with PCF 424 and SMF 425 to select DNNs, QFIs, IPaddresses, and the like for UE 401 and the network slices. The selectedQFIs indicate downlink AMBRs. SMF 425 selects the downlink AMBRs for thenetwork slices based on the average per-slice data rates for UE 401 andbased on the serving radio bands.

AMF 431 transfers 5GC N2/N1 signaling to the serving one of 5GNR gNodeBs411-415 with the selected network slices, DNNs, QFIs, IP addresses, andthe like for UE 401. 5GNR SMF 425 signals UPF 427 to serve UE 401 overthe network slices based on the DNNs, QFIs, and IP addresses. Theserving one of 5GNR gNodeBs 411-415 and UPF 427 exchange the user datausing the downlink per-slice AMBRs specified by SMF 425 in the QFIs. UPF427 exchanges N6 user data with external systems.

FIG. 6 illustrates 5GC NFVI 420 to serve wireless UE 401 with thedynamic data rates based on the historical data rates and the servingradio bands. AMF 421 performs N1 termination, N1 ciphering & integrityprotection, UE registration. UE connection management, UE mobilitymanagement. UE authentication and authorization, and UE securitymanagement. AUSF 422 performs UE authentication using a Unified DataManager (UDM) for Authentication and Key Agreement (AKA) credentials,user IDs, authorizations, subscriptions NSSF 423 performs network sliceselection per UE, network slice authorization per UE, and AMF selectionper UE. PCF 424 performs policy framework implementation, policycontrol-plane distribution, and subscription services. SMF 425 performssession establishment, session modification, session release, sessionmanagement, network address allocation, network address management,Dynamic Host Control Protocol (DHCP), N1 termination, downlink datanotification, traffic steering and routing. AF 426 performs applicationtraffic routing, network exposure, and policy framework control. UPF 427performs packet routing & forwarding, packet inspection, QoS handling,PDU interconnection, and mobility anchoring.

AMF 421 exchanges N2/N1 signaling with 5GNR gNodeBs 411-415 overbackhaul links. UPF 427 exchanges N3 data with 5GNR gNodeBs 411-415 overthe backhaul links. UPF 427 also exchanges corresponding N6 data withexternal systems. UPF 427 tracks the downlink per-slice data rates forUE 401 and maintains running per-slice averages of the downlink datarates.

When AMF 421 receives N2/N1 attachment signaling for UE 401, AMF 421interacts with AUSF 422 and UE 401 to authenticate UE 401. AMF 421interacts with NSSF 423 to select network slices for UE 401. AMF 421interacts with PCF 424 and SMF 425 to select DNNs, QFIs, and IPaddresses for the network slices and UE 401. The selected QFIs indicatedownlink AMBRs for the network slices. The downlink AMBR(s) for aspecific network slice are selected by SMF 425 based on the servingradio band and the average per-slice data rate for UE 401 and thatnetwork slice. SMF 425 hosts a data structure that translates gNodeB IDsinto radio band IDs, translates UE IDs into per-slice downlink datarates (tracked by UPF 427), and translates the per-slice AMBRs andserving radio band into new per-slice AMBRs. SMF 425 increases thedownlink AMBR for a slice when the serving radio band capacity increasesand/or the average per-slice data rate increases. SMF 425 decreases thenew downlink AMBR for the slice when the serving radio band capacitydecreases and/or the average per-slice data rate decreases.

AMF 431 transfers 5GC N2/N1 signaling to the serving one of 5GNR gNodeBs411-415 with the selected network slices, DNNs, QFIs, IP addresses, andthe like for UE 401. 5GNR SMF 425 signals UPF 427 to serve UE 401 overthe network slices based on the DNNs, QFIs, and IP addresses. Theserving one of 5GNR gNodeBs 411-415 and UPF 427 exchange the user datausing the downlink per-slice AMBRs as specified in the QFIs by SMF 425.UPF 427 exchanges the corresponding N6 user data with external systems.

FIG. 7 illustrates Fifth Generation New Radio (5GNR) gNodeB 411 to servewireless UE 401 with the dynamic data rates based on the historical datarates and serving radio band. 5GNR gNodeB 411 comprises an example ofwireless access nodes 111-113, although access nodes 111-113 may differ.5GNR gNodeBs 412-415 would be similar to 5GNR gNodeB 411. 5GNR gNodeB420 comprises 5GNR radio 701 and 5GNR Baseband Unit (BBU) 702. 5GNRradio 701 comprises antennas, amplifiers, filters, modulation,analog-to-digital interfaces, DSP, memory, and transceivers that arecoupled over bus circuitry. 5GNR BBU 702 comprises memory, CPU, andtransceivers (XCVRs) that are coupled over bus circuitry. The memory in5GNR BBU 702 stores an operating system and 5GNR network applicationslike Physical Layer (PHY), Media Access Control (MAC), Radio LinkControl (RLC), Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP), Service DataAdaptation Protocol (SDAP), and Radio Resource Control (RRC). 5GNR BBU702 may be physically separated into a Distributed Unit (DU) and aCentralized Unit (CU) that each resemble BBU 702. The CU and DU wouldeach host a portion of the software in BBU 702 and would be coupled overfronthaul links.

UE 401 is wirelessly coupled to the antennas in 5GNR radio 701 over 5GNRlinks in radio band A. Transceivers in 5GNR 701 are coupled totransceivers in 5GNR BBU 702 over enhanced CPRI (eCPRI) links.Transceivers in 5GNR BBU 702 are coupled to NFVI 420 over backhaullinks. The CPU in 5GNR BBU 702 executes the operating system, PHY, MAC,RLC, PDCP, SDAP, and RRC to exchange 5GNR signaling and data with UE 401and to exchange 5GC/X2 signaling and data with NFVI 420 and otherNodeBs. AMF 431 in NFVI 420 directs the RRC in 5GNR BBU 702 to serve UE401 based on their selected network slices, DNNs, QFIs, networkaddresses, and the like.

In 5GNR radio 701, the antennas receive wireless 5GNR signals from 5GNRUE 401 that transport uplink 5GNR signaling and data over radio band A.The antennas transfer corresponding electrical uplink signals throughduplexers to the amplifiers. The amplifiers boost the electrical uplinksignals for filters which attenuate unwanted energy. Demodulatorsdown-convert the filtered uplink signals from their carrier frequency.The analog/digital interfaces convert the demodulated analog uplinksignals into digital uplink signals for the DSPs. The DSPs recoveruplink 5GNR symbols from the uplink digital signals. In 5GNR BBU 702,the CPU executes the network applications to process the uplink 5GNRsymbols and recover the uplink 5GNR signaling and data. The networkapplications process the uplink 5GNR signaling, downlink 5GC N2signaling, and X2 signaling to generate new downlink 5GNR signaling, newuplink 5GC N2 signaling, and new X2 signaling. The RRC transfers the newuplink 5GC N2/N1 signaling to NFVI 420 and the X2 signaling to otherNodeBs. The SDAP transfers corresponding 5GC N3 data to NFVI 420 and theother NodeBs.

In 5GNR BBU 702, the RRC receives the 5GC N2/N1 signaling from NFVI 420and X2 signaling from the other NodeBs. The SDAP receives 5GC N3 datafrom NFVI 420 using the per-slice downlink AMBRs selected by NFVI 420.The SDAP receives X2 data from and the other NodeBs. The 5GNR networkapplications process the new downlink 5GC signaling and data to generatecorresponding downlink 5GNR symbols. In 5GNR radio 701, the DSPprocesses the downlink 5GNR symbols to generate corresponding digitalsignals for the analog-to-digital interfaces. The analog-to-digitalinterfaces convert the digital signals into analog signals formodulation. Modulation up-converts the analog signals to their carrierfrequency. The amplifiers boost the modulated signals for the filterswhich attenuate unwanted out-of-band energy. The filters transfer thefiltered electrical signals through duplexers to the antennas. Thefiltered electrical signals drive the antennas to emit correspondingwireless signals to 5GNR UE 401 that transport the downlink 5GNRsignaling and data over radio band A.

RRC functions comprise authentication, security, handover control,status reporting, Quality-of-Service (QoS), network broadcasts andpages, and network selection. SDAP functions comprise QoS marking andflow control. PDCP functions comprise security ciphering, headercompression and decompression, sequence numbering and re-sequencing,de-duplication. RLC functions comprise Automatic Repeat Request (ARQ),sequence numbering and resequencing, segmentation and resegmentation.MAC functions comprise buffer status, power control, channel quality,Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ), user identification, randomaccess, user scheduling, and QoS. PHY functions comprise packetformation/deformation, windowing/de-windowing,guard-insertion/guard-deletion, parsing/de-parsing, controlinsertion/removal, interleaving/de-interleaving, Forward ErrorCorrection (FEC) encoding/decoding, channel coding/decoding, channelestimation/equalization, and rate matching/de-matching,scrambling/descrambling, modulation mapping/de-mapping, layermapping/de-mapping, precoding, Resource Element (RE) mapping/de-mapping,Fast Fourier Transforms (FFTs)/Inverse FFTs (IFFTs), and DiscreteFourier Transforms (DFTs)/Inverse DFTs (IDFTs).

UE 401 communicates wirelessly with 5GNR radio 701 over radio band A.5GNR BBU 702 exchanges N2/N1 signaling for UE 401 with NFVI 420. NFVI420 and 5GNR BBU 702 exchange user data for UE 401 using the per-slicedownlink AMBRs. 5GNR BBU 702 exchanges the user data with UE 401 over5GNR radio 701 and radio band A. 5GNR BBU 702 receives N2 signaling fromAMF 431 that indicates the network slices, DNNs, QFIs, IP addresses, andthe like for UE 401. 5GNR BBU 702 signals UE 401 over radio 701 with thenetwork slices, DNNs, QFIs, IP addresses, and the like. UE 401 and 5GNRBBU 702 exchange user data over radio band A and radio 701. 5GNR BBU 702and NFVI 420 exchange the user data using the per-slice downlink AMBRs.

FIG. 8 illustrates wireless UE 401 that is served with the dynamic datarates based on the historical data rates and the serving radio bands. UE401 comprises an example of UE 101, although UE 101 may differ. UE 401comprises 5GNR radios 801 and user circuitry 802. The top one of 5GNRradios 801 is detailed on FIG. 8 and use radio band A. The other ones of5GNR radios 801 would be similar but would use different radio bands Band C. 5GNR radios 801 each comprise antennas, amplifiers, filters,modulation, analog-to-digital interfaces, DSP, memory, and transceiversthat are coupled over bus circuitry. User circuitry 802 comprisesmemory, CPU, user interfaces, and transceivers that are coupled over buscircuitry. The memory in user circuitry 802 stores an operating system,user applications (USER), and 5GNR network applications for PHY, MAC,RLC, PDCP, SDAP, and RRC.

The antennas in 5GNR radios 801 are wirelessly coupled to 5GNR gNodeBs411-415 over 5GNR links in radio bands A, B, and C. Transceivers in 5GNRradios 801 are coupled to a transceiver in user circuitry 802. Atransceiver in user circuitry 802 is typically coupled to the userinterfaces like displays, controllers, memory, and the like. The CPU inuser circuitry 802 executes the operating system, PHY, MAC, RLC, PDCP,SDAP, and RRC to exchange 5GNR signaling and data with 5GNR gNodeBs411-415 over 5GNR radios 801.

In 5GNR radios 801, the antennas receive wireless signals from 5GNRgNodeBs 411-415 over radio bands A, B, and C that transport downlink5GNR signaling and data. The antennas transfer corresponding electricalsignals through duplexers to the amplifiers. The amplifiers boost thereceived signals for filters which attenuate unwanted energy.Demodulators down-convert the amplified signals from their carrierfrequency. The analog/digital interfaces convert the demodulated analogsignals into digital signals for the DSP. The DSP transferscorresponding 5GNR symbols to user circuitry 802 over the transceivers.In user circuitry 802, the CPU executes the network applications toprocess the 5GNR symbols and recover the downlink 5GNR signaling anddata. The 5GNR network applications receive new uplink signaling anddata from the user applications. The network applications process theuplink user signaling the downlink 5GNR signaling to generate newdownlink user signaling and new uplink 5GNR signaling. The networkapplications transfer the new downlink user signaling and data to theuser applications.

The 5GNR network applications process the new uplink 5GNR signaling anduser data to generate corresponding uplink 5GNR symbols that carry theuplink 5GNR signaling and data. In 5GNR radios 801, the DSPs process theuplink 5GNR symbols to generate corresponding digital signals for theanalog-to-digital interfaces. The analog-to-digital interfaces convertthe digital uplink signals into analog uplink signals for modulation.Modulation up-converts the uplink analog signals to their carrierfrequency. The amplifiers boost the modulated uplink signals for thefilters which attenuate unwanted out-of-band energy. The filterstransfer the filtered uplink signals through duplexers to the antennas.The electrical uplink signals drive the antennas to emit correspondingwireless 5GNR signals to 5GNR gNodeBs 411-415 that transport the uplink5GNR signaling and data over radio bands A, B, and C.

RRC functions comprise authentication, security, handover control,status reporting, QoS, network broadcasts and pages, and networkselection. SDAP functions comprise QoS marking and flow control. PDCPfunctions comprise security ciphering, header compression anddecompression, sequence numbering and re-sequencing, de-duplication. RLCfunctions comprise ARQ, sequence numbering and resequencing,segmentation and resegmentation. MAC functions comprise buffer status,power control, channel quality, HARQ, user identification, randomaccess, user scheduling, and QoS. PHY functions comprise packetformation/deformation, windowing/de-windowing,guard-insertion/guard-deletion, parsing/de-parsing, controlinsertion/removal, interleaving/de-interleaving, FEC encoding/decoding,channel coding/decoding, channel estimation/equalization, and ratematching/de-matching, scrambling/descrambling, modulationmapping/de-mapping, layer mapping/de-mapping, precoding, REmapping/de-mapping, FFTs/IFFTs, and DFTs/IDFTs.

FIG. 9 illustrates an exemplary operation of 5G communication network400 to serve wireless UE 401 with the dynamic data rates based on thehistorical data rates and the serving radio bands. The illustratedoperation is exemplary and may vary in other examples. The RRCs in UE401 and 5GNR gNodeBs 411-415 exchange 5GNR signaling for attachment,mobility, and service control. The RRCs in 5GNR gNodeBs 411-415 and AMF421 exchange 5GC N2/N1 signaling for the attachment, mobility, andservice control for UE 401. AMF 421, AUSF 422, NSSF 423, PCF 424, andSMF 425 interact to authenticate and authorize UE 401, select networkslices for UE 401, and select per-slice DNNs, QFIs, and IP addresses forUE 401. The selected per-slice QFIs indicate downlink per-slice AMBRsthat were selected by SMF 425 based on the average per-slice data ratesand the serving radio bands. SMF 425 hosts the data structure thattranslates 5GNR gNodeBs IDs into radio bands, translates UE IDs intotheir average per-slice data rates, and translates the serving radiobands and average per-slice data rates into new downlink per-sliceAMBRs. The SDAPs in UE 401 and 5GNR gNodeBs 411-415 exchange 5GNR datafor service delivery. The SDAPs in 5GNR gNodeBs 411-415 and UPF 427exchange corresponding 5GC N3 data for service delivery. In particular,UPF 427 transfers 5GC N3 data to the SDAPs in 5GNR gNodeBs 411-415 usingthe downlink AMBRs selected by SMF 425. UPF 427 and external systemsexchange corresponding N6 data. UPF 427 tracks the downlink data ratesfor UE 401 on a per slice basis. UPF 427 determines a running 15-dayaverage data rates on a per-slice basis for UE 401. UPF 427 loads theaverage per-slice downlink data rates for UE 401 into the data structurehosted by SMF 425.

The wireless data network circuitry described above comprises computerhardware and software that form special-purpose network circuitry toserve wireless UEs with dynamic data rates based on historical datarates and serving radio bands. The computer hardware comprisesprocessing circuitry like CPUs, DSPs, GPUs, transceivers, bus circuitry,and memory. To form these computer hardware structures, semiconductorslike silicon or germanium are positively and negatively doped to formtransistors. The doping comprises ions like boron or phosphorus that areembedded within the semiconductor material. The transistors and otherelectronic structures like capacitors and resistors are arranged andmetallically connected within the semiconductor to form devices likelogic circuitry and storage registers. The logic circuitry and storageregisters are arranged to form larger structures like control units,logic units, and Random-Access Memory (RAM). In turn, the control units,logic units, and RAM are metallically connected to form CPUs, DSPs,GPUs, transceivers, bus circuitry, and memory.

In the computer hardware, the control units drive data between the RAMand the logic units, and the logic units operate on the data. Thecontrol units also drive interactions with external memory like flashdrives, disk drives, and the like. The computer hardware executesmachine-level software to control and move data by driving machine-levelinputs like voltages and currents to the control units, logic units, andRAM. The machine-level software is typically compiled from higher-levelsoftware programs. The higher-level software programs comprise operatingsystems, utilities, user applications, and the like. Both thehigher-level software programs and their compiled machine-level softwareare stored in memory and retrieved for compilation and execution. Onpower-up, the computer hardware automatically executesphysically-embedded machine-level software that drives the compilationand execution of the other computer software components which thenassert control. Due to this automated execution, the presence of thehigher-level software in memory physically changes the structure of thecomputer hardware machines into special-purpose network circuitry toserve wireless UEs with dynamic data rates based on historical datarates and serving radio bands.

The above description and associated figures teach the best mode of theinvention. The following claims specify the scope of the invention. Notethat some aspects of the best mode may not fall within the scope of theinvention as specified by the claims. Those skilled in the art willappreciate that the features described above can be combined in variousways to form multiple variations of the invention. Thus, the inventionis not limited to the specific embodiments described above, but only bythe following claims and their equivalents.

What is claimed is:
 1. A method of operating a wireless communicationnetwork to serve a wireless User Equipment (UE) over wireless accessnodes and a wireless network core, the method comprising: the wirelessnetwork core exchanging initial data with the wireless access nodesusing initial data rates; the wireless access nodes exchanging theinitial data with the wireless network core using the initial data ratesand wirelessly exchanging the initial data with the wireless UE overradio bands; the wireless network core determining a data rate level forthe wireless UE based on the initial data rates, identifying a servingone of the wireless access nodes currently serving the wireless UE overa serving one of the radio bands, identifying the serving one of theradio bands, and determining a new data rate based on the data ratelevel and the serving one of the radio bands, wherein the wirelessnetwork core determining the new data rate comprises determining adownlink Ambient Bit Rate (AMBR); the wireless network core exchangingnew data with the serving one of the wireless access nodes using the newdata rate; and the serving one of the wireless access nodes exchangingthe new data with the wireless network core using the new data rate andwirelessly exchanging the new data with the wireless UE over the servingone of the radio bands.
 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the wirelessnetwork core determining the data rate level comprises determining anaverage data rate.
 3. The method of claim 1 wherein the wireless networkcore determining the data rate level comprises determining a runningaverage over a set number of days.
 4. The method of claim 1 wherein thewireless network core comprises a fifth generation (5G) network core. 5.The method of claim 1 wherein the wireless network core exchanging thenew data with the serving one of the wireless access nodes using the newdata rate comprises a User Plane Function (UPF) exchanging the new datawith the serving one of the wireless access nodes using the new datarate.
 6. The method of claim 1 wherein the wireless network coredetermining the new data rate comprises a Session Management Function(SMF) determining the new data rate.
 7. The method of claim 1 whereinthe wireless network core determining the new data rate comprises aPolicy Control Function (PCF) determining the new data rate.
 8. Themethod of claim 1 wherein the wireless network core comprisesdetermining the new data rate comprises an Access and MobilityManagement Function (AMF) determining the new data rate.
 9. The methodof claim 1 wherein the wireless access nodes comprise Fifth GenerationNew Radio (5GNR) gNodeBs.
 10. The method of claim 1 wherein the radiobands comprise blocks of Federal Communication Commission (FCC) licensedradio spectrum.
 11. A wireless communication network to serve a wirelessUser Equipment (UE) over wireless access nodes and a wireless networkcore, the wireless communication network comprising: the wirelessnetwork core configured to exchange initial data with the wirelessaccess nodes using initial data rates; the wireless access nodesconfigured to exchange the initial data with the wireless network coreusing the initial data rates and wirelessly exchange the initial datawith the wireless UE over radio bands; the wireless network coreconfigured to determine a data rate level for the wireless UE based onthe initial data rates, identify a serving one of the wireless accessnodes currently serving the wireless UE over a serving one of the radiobands, identify the serving one of the radio bands, and determine adownlink Ambient Bit Rate (AMBR) to determine a new data rate based onthe data rate level and the serving one of the radio bands; the wirelessnetwork core configured to exchange new data with the serving one of thewireless access nodes using the new data rate; and the serving one ofthe wireless access nodes configured to exchange the new data with thewireless network core using the new data rate and wirelessly exchangethe new data with the wireless UE over the serving one of the radiobands.
 12. The wireless communication network of claim 11 wherein thewireless network core is configured to determine an average data rate todetermine the data rate level.
 13. The wireless communication network ofclaim 11 wherein the wireless network core is configured to determine arunning average over a set number of days to determine the new datarate.
 14. The wireless communication network of claim 11 wherein thewireless network core comprises a fifth generation (5G) network core.15. The wireless communication network of claim 11 wherein the wirelessnetwork core comprises a User Plane Function (UPF) configured toexchange the new data with the serving one of the wireless access nodesusing the new data rate.
 16. The wireless communication network of claim11 wherein the wireless network core comprises a Session ManagementFunction (SMF) configured to determine the new data rate.
 17. Thewireless communication network of claim 11 wherein the wireless networkcore comprises a Policy Control Function (PCF) configured to determinethe new data rate.
 18. The wireless communication network of claim 11wherein the wireless network core comprises an Access and MobilityManagement Function (AMF) configured to determine the new data rate. 19.The wireless communication network of claim 11 wherein the wirelessaccess nodes comprise Fifth Generation New Radio (5GNR) gNodeBs.
 20. Thewireless communication network of claim 11 wherein the radio bandscomprise blocks of Federal Communication Commission (FCC) licensed radiospectrum.